大家在阅读英文原著，或者跟外国人交流的时候，是不是时常有这样的困扰：这个词我没听说过，这是什么意思？在牛津词典里也查不到，他/她到底在说什么？其实理解和翻译俚语有特殊的方法和小技巧。按照这五步做，你也能轻松读懂俚语！
Step1：
第一步：
Realize that the biggest challenge in interpreting slang is that the linguist understands the expression that is being communicated with the slang word. Different languages have different slang terms, but despite that all the slang words are trying to express the same basic emotions of excitement, joy, fear, disgust, anger etc. So instead of looking for a literal translation of the slang word, it is important that the interpreter have the relevant cultural context to understand what the person is trying to express and then convey the expression in the target language.
在翻译俚语的过程中会遇到的最大的困难就是理解俚语交流中的表达方式。虽然不同的语言会产生不同的俚语表达，但是他们都在表现相同的感情内核：激动，欢乐，恐惧，厌恶，愤怒还有其他很多。所以比起在字面上翻译俚语表达，更重要的是翻译者需要掌握相应语言的文化背景，然后理解作者想要传达的情感，才能传达和翻译作者的想法。
Step 2：
第二步：
An easy way to identify the structure of slang terms is to check for the occurrence of one or more of the following:在判定俚语的结构时并不乏捷径，比如寻找俚语的如下特点：
Slang terms/phrases use symbols instead of letters
1. 俚语词语/术语会使用符号来取代字母；
2. They might use similar sounding letters to replace the original ones
2. 俚语使用者会用同音的字母来替代彼此.
3. Slang words use a heavy degree of capital letters, even when they are grammatically incorrect, to claim for attention
3. 虽然在语法上不甚准确，但是俚语使用者会让大写字母大量出现在的俚语表达中从而达到吸引读者注意的'目的。
Step 3：
第三步：
Know that these slang words are not of standard use. We have to interpret slang English Terms with their corresponding formal words to understand and convey what the writer wants to. There are resources aplenty available for helping linguists with slang English words. Some of the examples are:俚语词汇并没有一个标准用法。很多时候我们需要联系与其对应的正式用语来解读它们的含义，并从中理解作者用这些俚语的意图。现有的很多
1. Dictionary of Slang English1. 《英语俚语词典》
2. Slang- w*kipedia2. 俚语-维基百科
3. British Slang book3. 《大英俚语书》
4. On-line Slang Dictionary4. 在线俚语词典
5. Australian Lingo Guide book5. 《澳洲术语指南》
Step 4：
第四步：
Recognize this list of some of the English Slang words with their Equivalent words is as follows:整理出一个英语俚语词汇和其对应正式用语的列表：
1. Dope=stupid （愚蠢的）
2. Dirty=obscene （下流的）
3. Dork=strange person （奇怪的人）
4. Drag=boring （无聊的）
5. Dynamite=powerful （有力量的）
6. An earful=a lot of gossip （诸多流言）
7. Eating away=bothering （打扰）
8. Fix=dose of drugs （药物剂量）
9. Flaky=unreliable （不可靠的）
10. Fox=very attractive （非常吸引人的）
Step 5：
第五步：
Understand that the real challenge for the interpreter arises because most languages might not have cultural equivalents of certain words which represent a concept. For example, it would be extremely difficult to explain to an Englishman the concept of certain local Indian rituals and ceremonies like sati, sindoor, mundan simply because there are not cultural equivalents. The other challenge arises when one is interpreting pun, humor, sarcasm. These expressions are routed in cultural contexts and might not make sense to people from a different nation and/or culture.
语言学者在翻译俚语的过程中遇到的最大挑战莫过于，大部分语言缺乏共同的文化背景去理解俚语词汇所代表的含义。比方说，向一个英格兰人解释sati（“萨蒂”，印度古老传统，如果丈夫早亡妻子必须在丈夫的火堆跳火自焚）、sindoor（发际红，印度女性眉间的一点红）、mundan（印度教的新生儿剃发仪式）这些代表印度传统仪式和节庆的词汇是极其困难的。相对的，让印度人理解pun（双关语）、humor（幽默感）、sarcasm（讽刺）这些英语中的特定名词也是一种挑战。这些特殊的俚语表达扎根于不同的文化土壤中，因此外来者可能无法理解俚语背后的含义。
1. 套近乎
中国人为了表示热情友好，总爱说些关心体贴的话。比如：You must be tired. Have a good rest. 可如果你想和老外套近乎，千万别来这一套!因为听到这类的话，人家还会以为自己看上去很差劲，身体出了问题呢。老外最喜欢听人家夸自己身体强健气色好，衣着打扮有品位。所以，多说些赞美的话，后面才能有的聊。
例：You're looking great!
你看起来棒极了!
例：What a wonderful dress you're wearing!
你今天的这件衣服看上去真棒!
2. 说谢谢
中国有句话讲“大恩不言谢”，可是遇到小事，尤其是和熟人之间，说“谢谢”又显得格外生分。所以不管是大事小情，“谢谢”这个词儿就被理所当然地省略掉了。这一点让“谢”不离口的老外们实在不能忍，因为他们早已习惯成自然，就算是对家人说声“谢谢”也是家常便饭。所以，和老外在一起，千万要记得在适当的时候说“Thank you”。当然，你还可以用其他英文表达来满足他们的期待。
例：Thanks a million. I really appreciate it.
万分感谢，真是帮了我大忙啦!
例：Thanks for the help. I owe you one.
多谢帮忙。我欠你个人情。
3. “装”客气
中国人在餐桌特别喜欢礼让，招呼大家吃这个吃那个，受到礼让的人也要推辞一番才能接受。可是，如果老外问你要不要多来点，推辞礼让的过程就真心不必了，人家会自动认为你的确不需要。所以，吃货们别因为一时客气错失了填饱肚子的机会!
例：Would you like some more chicken?
你要再来点鸡肉吗?
No, thanks. I'm full.
不了，谢谢。我饱了。
4. 串门送礼
去朋友家串门，中国人总喜欢带些礼物，这一点上，老外也一样。不同的是中国人为讨吉利，喜欢送礼送双数，而西方人做客带一瓶酒或者一盒巧克力就够了。中国人在送礼时会格外谦虚，表示这些都是薄礼不成敬意。但是，这会让老外觉得有些别扭，为什么要送我“薄”的呢?其实送礼这件事就是个心意，你只需大大方方表达心意就好了。
例：I got you something I hope you like it.
我给你带了点东西，希望你喜欢。
例：Here's a little gift for you. Enjoy!
这个小礼物是给你的。好好享用吧!
5. 称呼前辈
中国人喜欢在称谓里加个“老”字，表示对人的尊敬。比方说，“老王”、“老张”，亲切又不失敬意。(如果你换成“王老”、“张老”，他们会更happy，你懂的~)但是，对于老外来讲，“old”这个词在英文里是避之不及的，因为谁也不想听别人家说自己“老”，就算你要说也要委婉地讲出口。比如：mature people, senior adult, golden-ager或者seasoned citizen都是不带“老”字的“老年人”。
就爱淘便宜货：盘点和“便宜”有关的英文俚语
When you are out buying something you are usually looking for a good price, for a deal, for something cheap, right? I know I am. Well, today I have a whole bunch of English vocabulary you can use to talk about things that are cheap or priced right. Let’s start with a look at the names of stores where you can go to find items that are reasonably priced or priced very low.
买东西时我们通常寻找价格合理或是便宜的东西，对吧?至少我是这样的。今天，我有一堆英文单词可以让你用来描述便宜的东西或是合理的价格。首先我们先来看一看那些可以买到便宜货或是价格较低的货物的商店。
Names for stores where you can buy cheap items:
可以买到便宜商品的店：
dollar store – a store where traditionally everything is sold for $1
dollar store——所有东西只卖一美元的商店
five & dime – a store that sells a large variety of discounted items for a cheap price
five & dime ——贱卖各种打折商品的`店
warehouse store – this is usually a very big store where items are often sold in large quantity and they are cheaper because they are sold in bulk
warehouse store——这通常是比较大的店铺，东西都是大量出售的，因为销售数量大，因此也很便宜。
outlet – a store where discounted items are sold cheaper because the manufacturer is selling directly to the customer
outlet——售卖打折物品的地方，因为是生产厂家直销给顾客，所以价格便宜
Words you can use to describe items that are low cost and a good to buy :
用来表述价格低，购买划算的物品：
a bargain
便宜货、减价品
dirt-cheap
便宜的商品
a steal
非常便宜的物品
a deal
便宜货
Examples: I got a great deal on my new TV. I bought it dirt-cheap at a going out of business sale. It was such a bargain, because the same model sold at another store would have been at least $500 more! It was a real steal I tell you.
例：我新买的电视赚大了，正好赶上停业大甩卖，价格超低。这笔买卖非常划算，另一家店同样的型号价格至少高出500美元!我告诉你，简直太值了。
Words you can use to describe an item that is low cost, but not well-made or of poor quality:
1.Exit with your hands in the air.举手出来
with your hands in the air = 我们更熟悉的:with your hands up
2.I'll make you a deal if you don't move a muscle,i won't blow your head off.
我跟你说好,只要你乖乖着.我就不打爆你的头
not move a muscle=毫不动容,不变神色
此外,在美国俚语中be on the muscle =准备动武; 准备蛮干
在口语中flex one's muscles =小试身手
on the muscle =用暴力方式;气势汹汹的
3.pull over . 靠边,靠岸,开到路边
发现这是michael经常跟linc说的话----“把车停到一边”,每当linc问"why"的时候,michael都是一脸懒得跟你解释的那种神情说"just pull over"
4.Your commitment to help others,and i put you in a place that's every doctor's nightmare.
你承诺帮助他人,我却让你陷入医生的恶梦中
commitment to=许诺
5.I'm going to take a leak. 我去小解
leak=泄漏; take a leak =小解
6.That's a nasty contusion.那是恶意殴打
nasty=令人不快的;恶意的 ; contusion=殴打;打伤
7.If you think i can pull some strings to keep you out of gen pop.I can't do that.
如果你以为我能让你不关禁闭,那么你错了
pull strings=在幕后操作
gen pop是lockdown的口语说法,意为"一级防范紧闭"
8.They're already done irreparable damage. 他们已经造成了不可挽回的损失
irreparable=不可挽回的 ; ir-为"不"的前缀
reparable=可修复的,可挽回的
9.A tape purported to be made by escaped convicts lincoln burrows and michael scofield was immediarely dismissed by the justice department.
逃犯lincoln与michael做的可疑录影带被司法部门立即驳回
purported=可疑的 (purport=意义,主旨)
dismiss=[法律]不受理.dismiss还有“打发,解散,开除”的意思
10.They dumped it off the front page and buried it.他们把这事从报纸头条撤下并隐瞒起来
dump=倾倒,抛弃
我们常在电影里听到的"He/She dumped me"的意思就是“他/她甩了我”
front page=报纸上的头版头条,也可用"page one"
11.It's a hail mary,man.这是孤注一掷,老兄
hail mary原指祷告者向圣母玛丽亚求救,而在美国口语中通常是指当成功的机率非常小时,做绝望的尝试
12.I'm guessing they're spoon-feeding us every lead they want us to follow.
我猜他们想让我们顺着他们铺的路去白忙一场
spoon-feeding=填鸭式
spoon-feeding education=填鸭式教育
13.What if this is just one giant setup?如何这是个巨大的圈套呢?
giant=巨大的;伟大的 ; setup=陷阱,圈套
14.I didn't drive all this way to gloat. 我跑这么远不是来嘲笑你的
gloat=幸灾乐祸
15.The girl bailed on you back in Gila.这女孩在Gila都没跟你走
我们在PB里常见的bail的用法为“保释”,而bail还有个常用词义为“离开”
