高考英语写作指导1
From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second. 在我看来,支持第一种观点比支持第二种观点更有道理.
I cannot entirely agree with the idea that …我无法完全同意这一观点……
Personally, I am standing on the side of …就个人而言,我站在……的一边.
I sincerely believe that …我真诚地相信……
In my opinion, it is more advisable to do … than to do ….
在我个人看来,做……比做……更明智.
Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why …
高考英语写作指导2
一、 从词汇入手，强化短语写作
有研究表明，词汇学习可以促进英语水平的提高(文秋方，1998)。培养和提高学生的英语写作能力应从词和句入手，抓好基础训练。英语是结构语言，具有其自身的固定搭配、习惯用语和基本句型(陈立华，20xx)。而《牛津高中英语》教材大量的词汇和地道的生活语言、任务型编排体系以及文本体裁的多样性，为“写”提供了基本素材。教师可根据不同话题的写作要求，采用不同形式的方法对学生进行写作基础训练。比如：关键词和短语写作训练法，即教师根据本单元的写作话题，每天精心选择2～3个词组或句型，让学生做翻译和造句练习;一周之后，让学生运用这些词组和句型进行写作。通过这种训练方法，既可以培养学生的写作能力，又可以提高写作的效率，还可以帮助学生掌握一些习惯用语和句子结构，从而提高学生遣词造句的能力。
二、抓好基本句型的训练，促进写作
书面表达题是由许多句子组成的，句子是写文章的基础。要完成书面表达题，首先要从句子入手，指导学生如何用句子表意。从语言形态学的角度看，英语属于分析型的语言，它有较为固定的基本句型、稳定搭配、俗成短语等，要想在写作中用好它们，必须加强这方面的基本训练。
首先，要加强五种基本句型的教学训练。几乎所有的英语句型都是这五种句型的扩大、延伸或变化，因此训练学生“写”就要抓住五种基本句型，熟练掌握这五种基本句型。五种基本句型是：S+V，S+V+O，S+V+O+O，S+V+O+C，S+V+P。五种基本句型虽然能表达一定的意思，但无法比较自由地表达思想，因此还必须对学生进行扩句训练，在课堂上充分发挥学生的想象力。
其次，加强句型教学，要对一些句子进行分析，增强学生利用各种句子进行一意多种表达的训练。
最后，充分利用教材，对学生进行基本语感的训练。
三、从阅读入手，培养写作表达技巧
阅读与写作密不可分，阅读是写作的基础，是搜集素材、学习词汇句型和新颖表达方式的源泉。因此，教师应想方设法把阅读与写作结合起来，利用教材训练学生的写作技能，在阅读能力的培养过程中融入多种形式的写作技能训练，将写作教学贯穿于阅读教学中。笔者采用了如下方法：
1.利用教材，开展改写
在完成阅读教学，学生基本掌握文章内容的基础上，笔者进一步指导学生改写文章。改写要
2.模仿范文，鼓励仿写
写的过程实际上是模拟读者阅读的过程;而阅读也是模拟写作的行为(戴军熔，20xx)。教师可给学生一篇与书面表达体裁和题材相同的范文，让学生通过阅读完成类似话题的写作任务。例如：《牛津高中英语》模块1 Unit 3 Looking Good，Feeling Good的写作话题是保持健康。笔者从英文报刊上选择一篇有关如何科学合理地减肥、健身的报道，先让学生在课堂上进行限时阅读，然后提问学生：Which do you think is more important，looking good or feeling good? How would you keep fit?Why?等。学生通过模仿阅读材料的结构进行写作。通过阅读带动写作，由知识的输入到知识的输出，提高了学生表达的条理性和连贯性，为学生提供了写作策略和技能。
四、培养学生用英语写作的习惯
“临渊羡鱼，不如退而结网。”如果仅仅掌握了写作技巧，熟背了大量文章，不亲自动手实践还是不行的，没有一成不变的文章让你照搬。《英语课程标准》指出：基础教育阶段英语课程的总体目标是培养学生的综合语言运用能力。因此，我们要遵循“一切为了运用”的原则，提倡和鼓励学生亲自实践，动手写作，用英语给亲人、朋友、老师写信，用英语写
五、重视写作的规范化训练
起始阶段的写作训练，培养学生良好的写作习惯非常重要。首先，书写和文体格式要规范。严格要求学生正确、端正、熟练地书写字母、单词和句子，注意大小写和标点符号，养成良好的书写习惯。同时对各种文体特点、格式要清楚，使学生熟悉规范的书面表达形式，用正确的标准评析和规范自己的书面表达。其次，写作过程要规范。一般来说，短文写作都要有以下步骤：审清题目要求;确定写作要点;选好动词，搭好句子骨架;有效连接，使短文结构紧凑;认真检查，保证卷面整洁。对学生进行写作模式的训练，这样看起来比较麻烦，但避免了反复，养成了好的写作习惯。
总之，随着新课改的实施和近几年高考(微博)评分标准的完善，对学生的书面表达能力提出了新的要求。作为高中英语教师，在教学中要根据不同时期学生的具体情况采取相应的教学方法，灵活多样地开展英语写作教学，有效调动学生的积极性，定能使学生厚积薄发，写出行文通顺、流畅、有文采的佳篇妙作来。
高考英语写作指导3
1、主谓关系中人称和数量不一致性
汉语的动词不受主语的人称和数的影响，但英语的谓语动词要和主语保持一致，谓语动词要随着主语而变化。而学生主要用汉语思维，因此他们往往没有习惯去考虑主语是第几人称，是单数还是复数。例如：
a. A number of students is going to learn a foreign language.
b. He go to school by bike every day.
分析：
a句中a number of +复数名词做主语时，其谓语动词用复数形式。b中 He是第三人称单数，在一般现在时态中谓语动词go应该加es。
2、时态
高中生在写作中经常在时态方面犯错误。英语时态种类繁多，动词的构成形式随着时态的变化而变化。中文里没有时态区分。动作或动词的时间由跟在动词后的诸如 “着”、“了”、“过”等副词来表示，对高中生来说，掌握英语的时态不是很容易。实际上，学习者在头脑里很清楚语法规则，但经常混淆或忘记改变动词的词形。例如：
a. A baby can cry as soon as it was born.
b. I spend 50 yuan buying the clothes.
c. I will not come here if it will rain tomorrow.
正确的句子：
a. A baby can cry as soon as it is born.
b. I spent 50 yuan buying the clothes.
c. I will not come here if it rains tomorrow.
分析：
第一句是一个常识问题，应该用一般现在时态。第二句“我买这件衣服花了50元”应该是过去时态。第三句主句是一般将来时，从句是一般现在时态。
3、语态错误
动词的'被动式在英语中比比皆是，学生由于汉语思维的影响，很少考虑到用被动语态。虽然中文里也有被动式的含义，但与英语里被动式表达方式完全不同。英语里的被动式要求有助动词be和一个变异的过去分词形式，其中这个助动词带有时态和人称数量信息，中文里需要使用诸如“被”、“使”、“让”等词语，不需要有不规则的动词形式。这对中国的学习者来说就有潜在的困难。例如：
a. New bicycles must keep inside.
b. The book has to return at the end of the week.
c. The food has cooked.
d. Knife should take away from babies.
正确的句子：
a. New bicycles must be kept inside.
b. The book has to be returned at the end of the week.
c. The food has been cooked.
d. Knives should be taken away from babies.
很明显，这些句法结构己经被确认为未能正确使用英语中的被动式。学生还会犯一些其它方面的错误，其中之一是，常常把英语里没有被动语态的词(组)，如 take place, occur, happen, belong to，appear, break out, rise, die等用作被动语态。
4、固定搭配
错误有介词短语的搭配，固定词组的搭配，更多的是特殊动词的搭配和用法出现错误最多。很多学习者在记单词的时候，不记搭配和真正用法，错误如下：
a. He suggested to go there on his bike.
b. My teacher explained me the text very carefully.
c. My mother made me to choose the one I liked best.
正确的句子：
a. He suggested going there on his bike.
b. My teacher explained to me the text very carefully.
c. My mother made me choose the one I liked best.
据以上的分析，中国学习者的英语应用很大程度上受到其母语的影响，直接翻译，没有记住这些动词的特殊用法。
5、非谓语动词
错误由于学生对非谓语动词的概念不清楚，对不定式、分词、动名词的用法不明白，对句子结构分析不正确，常把非谓语动词误用作谓语动词。学生不知道在英语句子中谓语动词只能有一个，如果有另外一个动词出现，这个动词有三种情况：一是并列谓语，但是这时候必须有连词，如and, but等;二是出现在从句里面;三就是以分词形式出现，现在分词和过去分词，还有不定式。现在分词有主动语态和进行时的含义，而过去区分词有被动语态和完成时的含义，不定式有将来时态的意义。例如：
a. In the museum there are a lot of interesting things look at.
b. I am looking forward to see you.
正确的句子：
a. In the museum there are a lot of interesting things to look at.
b. I am looking forward to seeing you.
分析：
a句中己有谓语动词there are，用来修饰things，此句缺的是后置定语。b句look forward to是一个固定短语，后面要接动名词。c句要用现在分词作定语，跟所修饰的名词之间是主谓关系，表示动作正在进行，因此用“sleeping”，相当于 “the child who is sleeping"。
《师说》是一篇说明教师的重要作用、从师学习的必要性以及择师的原则的论说文，那么，《师说》中择师标准有哪些？
《师说》择师标准
师者,所以传道受业解惑也.
是故无贵无贱无长无少,道之所存,师之所存也.
文言文词语现象
通假字
⒈师者，所以传道【受】业解惑也 受：通“授”，传授，讲授
⒉或师焉，或【不】焉 不：通“否”，表否定
⒊授之书而习其句【读】者。读，通"逗”，阅读中的断句
判断句
1、师者，所以传道受业解惑也。
2、其为惑也，终不解矣。
3、人非生而知之者。
4、非吾所谓传其道解其惑者也。
5、道之所存，师之所存也
被动句
1、不拘于时
省略句
1今其智乃反不能及（之）（省宾语）
2吾从（之）而师之（省宾语）
3（其，指士大夫之族）群聚而笑之（省主语）
4（师）位卑（者）则足羞，（师）官盛（者）则近谀（省略谓语动词）
5 或师焉，或否焉 （“否”后省“师”）
6 生乎吾前（者）
赏析
对"道之所存，师之所存也"的理解韩愈以儒家道统的继承者自居，他“收召后学”，“抗颜而为师”，目的就是要恢复自孟子后已“失其传”的儒家道统。正因为如此，他把“传道”视为教师最重要也是最基本的任务。“受业”“解惑”，都与此有关：“业”即“道之文”，指以“六艺经传”为代表的儒家经典；而“解惑”也是为了“明道”。由此可见，“师道”是贯穿全文的主线，“道之所存，师之所存也”，这个判断就是上述内容的高度概括。
对“巫医乐师百工之人，君子不齿，今其智乃反不能及，其可怪也欤！”的理解。
有人认为这句话反映了韩愈轻视劳动人民的阶级偏见。但有人认为不能这样看，因为这句话所在的第2段，都是贬斥上层“士大夫之族”，褒扬“巫医乐师百工之人”和“古之圣人”的，“君子不齿”句的主语“君子”，是指韩愈贬斥的上层“士大夫之族”，而不是韩愈自己。韩愈在文章里一再用“君子”“士大夫之族”与“巫医乐师百工之人”“古之圣人”对比，贬前者，褒后者，当然不会把自己列入所谓的君子中，所以“君子不齿”只是对耻于从师的君子的讽刺，而没有对“巫医乐师百工之人”的轻视。
古之学者必有师。师者，所以传道受业解惑也。
评析：劈头提出“古之学者必有师”的论断，紧接着概括指出师的作用“传道受业解惑”做为全文立论的出发点和依据。然后句句顶接，推论出“道之所存，师之所存”的观点。同时，一开头郑重提出“古之学者必有师”，就隐然含有对“今之学者”不从师的批判意味，很自然地为第二段埋下了伏笔。本句翻译时要注意“者……也……”和“所以”在句式中的含义和作用。
运用：（翻译）古代求学的人一定有老师。老师是用来传授道理、交授学业、解答疑难的。
是故弟子不必不如师，师不必贤于弟子，闻道有先后，术业有专攻，如是而已。
评析：这一句是在前文已用老师的职能作出了理论论证和用孔子言行作了事实论证之后，顺理成章水到渠成地得出了进一步的结论。这个结论，是对“道之所存，师之所存”的深化，也是对士大夫之族耻学于师的进一步批判。说明了师生关系是相对的，教与学是可以相长的。这一句由“是故”引出，用“如是而已”结尾，化繁为简，既显见解的深辟透彻，又有一种高瞻远瞩的气势。
运用：（翻译）因此，学生不一定不如老师，老师不一定比学生贤能，听到的道理有先有后，学问技艺各有专长，如此罢了。
阅读练习
【小题1】下列语句中划线词的意思一致的是（ ）（2分）
A．古之学者必有师十年春，齐师伐我。
B．师者，所以传道受业解惑也先帝创业未办而中道崩殂
C．生乎吾前，其闻道也固先乎吾不求闻达于诸侯
D．是故无贵无贱，无长无少苟富贵，勿相忘
【小题2】用现代汉语翻译下面的`句子。（4分）
（1）吾师道也，夫庸知其年之先后生于吾乎？ 翻译：
（2）位卑则足羞，官盛则近谀。 翻译：
【小题3】第②段文字运用了正反对比的论证方法。试就文段中对比的具体内容加以简要概括说明。（3分）
答案
【小题1】D； （评分：2分）
【小题2】译文： ①我要学习的是道理，哪管他们的年纪比我大还是比我小呢？ ②向比自己地位低的人学习就感到羞耻，向比自己地位高的人学习又怕人说是阿谀奉承。 （评分：共4分，每句2分）
【小题3】以古之圣人与今之众人能否从师学习对比，以子与己的择师与耻师对比，以巫医乐师百工之人的不耻相师与士大夫之族自认为无人可以为师对比。 （评分：3分，每点1分）
解析【小题1】
试题分析：A项“师”一为“老师”一为“军队”；B项中“业”一为“学业”一为“夺取天下之事业”；C项中“闻”一为“领悟”一为“出名”。D项中“贵”皆为“尊贵”。
考点：文言字词解释
点评：本题不难，字词所在的句子皆出自所学古文，学生比较熟悉。古文一词多义是最常见的，学习要要注意学一知三，将所学的字词归纳记忆，积累得多，记忆就很牢固。
【小题2】
试题分析：师：学；道：道理；夫：发语词不译；庸：不用；年：年纪；生：出生（后一句要意译）。地位：“卑”：低下；足：足以；盛：高；近：近似：谀：讨好。
考点：文言句子翻译
点评：两句虽短小，但翻译还是有难度的，词义与句式与现代语言有很大的差异。翻译此类难译文言句子，可以借助文章的语境，先推断大概意思，再了解句中字语的意思，最后疏通句子。
【小题3】
试题分析：找到文段中所提到的几种人和几种从学习的态度，理解它们哪是“正面”说理，哪是“反面”说理。
考点：正反论证。
英语作为三大主科之一，是我们考试的科目重点，有这不可衡量的地位；是考察孩子们，语法知识、理解能力、口语能力、发音能力的一门学科；但是这一门英语就占了很大的.比重；当然在英语学习中，写作是占了很大的一部分内容！下面是关于作文常考典型句子归纳总结的内容，欢迎阅读！
一、考查范围
1. 主谓一致 2. 时态搭配 3. 状语 4. 名词复数 5. 单词拼写
二、常考主题的典型句子
1、环保
1. It's our duty to protect our environment.
2. It is very important to take care of our environment
3. We should not throw litter onto the ground
4. We should not spit in a public place/ cut down the trees
5. We should plant more flowers and trees.
6. We must pick up some rubbish and throw it into a dustbin
7. If everyone makes contribution to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.
2、旅游
1. Last Sunday (Saturday), it was sunny (rainy, windy, foggy)
2. I got up very early (late). After breakfast I went to …with my friends by bike,
3. We enjoyed ourselves.
4. We forgot the time. We didn't come back until 5 o'clock.
5. We all felt very tired, but we were happy.
6. I thought I would never forget this trip.
7. Last summer, my parents and I went to Beijing for our holidays.
8. We visited a lot of places of interest.
9. We had a good time there.
10. We bought a lot of things. The clothes here are good and cheap.
3、比赛
1. Last Sunday, Class One had a football match with Class Two.
2. All of us went to watch it.
3. The match was very exciting.
4. In fact, I have never seen such an exciting match before.
5. The score was 5-3. Our team scored three goals in the last fifteen minutes.
6. Class One won this match. Class Two lost.
7. Class One played well. They deserved to win.
8. Their PE teacher was very pleased with their performance.
4、比赛
1. Last Sunday, Class One had a football match with Class Two.
2. All of us went to watch it.
3. The match was very exciting.
4. In fact, I have never seen such an exciting match before.
5. The score was 5-3. Our team scored three goals in the last fifteen minutes.
6. Class One won this match. Class Two lost.
7. Class One played well. They deserved to win.
8. Their PE teacher was very pleased with their performance.
5、健康
1. It is very important to keep healthy.
3. We can't go to sleep too late. We can't get up too late.
4. We should eat the food healthily.
5. We should do more exercise.
6. Last Tuesday I got a cold and had a pain in my head.
7. I didn't feel like eating anything.
8. I decided to see the doctor.
9. In the doctor's office, the doctor looks over me carefully.
10. He said :"Nothing serious." And he told me to take a rest and drink more water.
11. A nurse gave me an injection. It was a little painful.
13. A few days later, I felt better. From then on I believe that keeping healthy is the most important thing in the world.
6、节日
1. In China the most important holiday is the Spring Festival.
2. It comes in January or February.
3. On the Spring Festival Eve people have a big dinner. They have a lot of nice food to eat.
4. During the Spring Festival people have a lot of interesting things to do.
5. People visit their relatives and friends.
6. They greet each other with a hug and say, "Happy New Year".
7. As China is a big country, people in different places celebrate this holiday in different ways.
7、写人
1. His name is Jack.
2. He was born in London in 1982.
3. He is 1.68 meters tall and weighs 52 kilos.
4. He is 20 years old.
5. He comes from England.
6. He is a good ping-pong player.
7. He is medium build.
8. He has short hair.
9. He is outgoing. Every one likes to talk with him. He gets on well with us.
10. He teaches English very well.
11. He works very hard. He works in No.5 Middle School.
12. He loves watching football games after work.
13. He often helps me with my English.
14. At the age of six, he began to play table tennis.
8、生活
1. Jim got up very early.
2. Jim cleaned the room and do the housework.
3. Jim went to shop and did some shopping.
4. Jim did some cooking.
5. Jim fed the cat.
6. Jim sweeps the floor.
7. He washes the dishes.
8. It is a busy day. He is very tired. But he feels happy.
高考英语作文经典提分句型--演绎法常用句型
1. There are several reasons for…, but in general, they come down to three major ones.
2. There are many factors that may account for…, but the following are the most typical ones.
3. Many ways can contribute to solving this problem, but the following ones may be most effective.
4. Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.
5. The reasons are as follows.
高考英语作文经典提分句型--比较/对比句型
1. A is completely / totally / entirely different from B.
2. A and B are different in some/every way / respect / aspect.
3. A and B differ in….
4. A differs from B in….
5. The difference between A and B is/lies in/exists in….
6. Compared with/In contrast to/Unlike A, B….
7. A…, on the other hand,/in contrast,/while/whereas B….
8. While it is generally believed that A …, I believe B….
9. Despite their similarities, A and B are also different.
10. Both A and B …. However, A…; on the other hand, B….
11. The most striking difference is that A…, while B….
高考英语作文经典提分句型--结尾句型
I will conclude by saying...
Therefore, we have the reason to believe that...
All things considered,总而言之
It may be safely said that...
Therefore, in my opinion, it’s more advisable...
From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that….
The data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that….
It can be concluded from the discussion that...从中我们可以得出这样的结论
From my point of view, it would be better if...在我看来……也许更好
高考英语作文经典提分句型--开头句型
1.As far as ...is concerned
2.It goes without saying that...
3.It can be said with certainty that...
4.As the proverb says，
5.It has to be noticed that...
6.It`s generally recognized that...
7.It`s likely that ...
8.It`s hardly that...
9.It’s hardly too much to say that...
10.What calls for special attention is that...需要特别注意的是
11.There’s no denying the fact that...毫无疑问，无可否认
12.Nothing is more important than the fact that...
13.what’s far more important is that...
