英语revision语句的教学指导
教学目标
教学目标与要点
1.掌握本单元的词汇和部分短语的用法。如:sofar,sendup,makeup,putoff,etc.
2.能正确表达两地距离,根据列车里程表进行分析。
3.能熟练谈论购物、选择电视节目、物品的产地和用途等话题,掌握相关的日常用语。
4.学习构词法:n+n→n;n+ing/-en→adj;v+er/or→n;如:fire+place=fireplace,interest-interesting,print-printer
5.认真学习课文TheUniverseandMan-madeSatellites,扩大知识面,了解航天等前沿科技。
6.复习、归纳动词不定式、被动语态的构成和用法及相关注意事项,省去to的动词不定式,必须加上to的被动语态等。如:helpsb.dosth,bemadetodosth.
本单元词组和日常交际用语
(一)本单元词组和短语
sendsbanemail给……发电子邮件
differentpartsofthecomputer电脑的不同部件
put…together把……连在一起;组装……指向……
putinformationintothecomputer把信息输入电脑
provideinformationonascreen在屏幕上提供信息
pointat…指向……
talkabout…谈论……
travelaround…围绕……运行
sendup…into…往……发射…..
spaceshipswithoutpeople无人的宇宙飞船
use…todo…用……做……
sendandreceivemessages发射和接受信息
withthehelp(of)在(……的)帮助下
allthetime始终
thanksto…归功于;幸亏……
peoplefromdifferentcountries来自不同国家的人们
nosmoking禁止吸烟
computerroom微机室;电脑房
spendtimealone独自打发时间
(二)日常交际用语和句型
Itisabout…kilometresfrom…to….从……到……大约……公里。
Howmanykilometersbytrain/plane/boat/car…isitfrom…to…?从……到……坐火车/坐飞机/坐船/坐轿车大约……公里。
Iwanttoletyouchoosewhattodo.我想让你选择该干什么。
教学建议一
教材内容分析
本单元是复习单元,我们要复习巩固前面所学5个单元的内容,主要是复习一般现在时、一般过去时和含有情态动词的被动语态和动词不定式的用法,还有表达计量和距离等的数字表示法。本单元还学习了一些常用词组和简单的构词方法。通过对课文“TheUniverseandMan-madeSatellites”的学习,我们要了解一些有关太空的常识,来激发学习的积极性,提高学习英语的兴趣。课文中出现有现在完成时态的被动语态。同时,我们要能够读懂列车里程表,能熟练地谈论“购物、选择电视节目”等话题,掌握相关日常用语。
本单元重点例句及词语辨析
1.IhopeIcanmakemyowncomputerthatwaysomeday.我希望有朝一日我能在家里用那种方式制造我自己的电脑。
Someday(someday)和oneday都可以表示“总有一天;有朝一日”的意思。
【例】Somedaywe’llgotheretovisityouthoughyouaretoofarawayfromus.Weareallgoingtostaytogetheroneday.虽然你离我们很远,但有朝一日我们一定去看你。总有一天我们会在一起的。
2.I’msureyoucan.我确信你行。
besure意为“确信;确定;肯定”,其有三种用法:besureofsth,besuretodosth和besurethat从句。
【例】
(1)Areyousurethatheishonest?
你能肯定他老实吗?
(2)—Areyousureofit?
—Yes,Iamsure.
—你对这事有把握吗?
—是的,我确信。
(3)—Besuretowritetomeassoonasyougetthere.
—Ofcourse.
—你一到那里一定给我写信。
—当然。
3.Whenwetalkabouttheuniverse,wemeantheearth,thesun,themoonandthestars,andthespacebetweenthem.当我们谈论宇宙时,我们指的是地球,太阳,月亮,星星以及它们之间的宇宙空间。
(1)当我们谈论独一无二的事物说,要在前面加上“the”。如theearth,thesun,themoon。sky的前面必须加the。
(2)关于space,universe,sky三个词汇的区别
space含“宇宙空间”之意,指大气层以外的太空领域,其前不用冠词,space有时指“间隙;空间”,为不可数名词。;universe含“宇宙万物”之意,指物质,如星星、太阳、月球等,其前常用定冠词the;sky指从地球上看,头顶之上的“天空”,通常与定冠词连用,多用单数形式,如果前在面有形容词修饰,则用“a(an)+形容词+sky”句式。
【例】
Nobodycantellexactlyinformationaboutwhentheuniversefirstcameintobeing.Butthespaceshiptravelledthroughspacetothemoonbringsushopetostudyit.Nowsatellitesareusedforstudyingtheuniverse.AndwearesureitisnotGodwhomakestheuniverse.Wecanseeaclear,bluesky,andsomedaywewillknowmoreaboutit.Thereisnospacefordoubt.Isitright?
没人能准确说出宇宙是什么时候产生的。但是宇宙飞船登陆月球给我带来研究它的希望。现在卫星用于研究宇宙。我们确信了不是上帝创造了宇宙。我们能看到一个湛蓝、明朗的天空,总有一天,我们会了解到更多。我们没有怀疑的余地。不是吗?
4.Themoontravelsroundtheearth.月球围绕地球转。
(1)travel在句中意为move,go等,travel还可作“旅行;传播”讲,
【例】HehasnevertravelledtothebigcitiesinthenorthofChina.他从没有旅行过中国北方的大城市。
Lighttravelsfasterthansound.光比声音传播得快。
(2)round,around两词都可与动词连用,但与前者连用的动词具有活动性;与后者连用的动词带有静止性,
【例】Thestudentsarerunningroundachairtoplayagame.学生们正围着椅子跑,做游戏。
Weoftensitaroundtheoldmanandlistentohisinterestingstories.我们经常围坐在那个老人周围听他讲有趣的故事。
5.Manyofthestarscannotbeseenbecausetheyaretoofaraway.
satellite,plane与star这三个单词有相近的含义,但它们的用法各不相同。satellite表示“卫星”,planet表示“行星”,star表示“星星”。
(1)satellite具体来说,有两种含义:一种是指卫星,也就是说围绕行星运行的天体,它本是不发光。
【例】Themoonisasatelliteoftheearth.
月亮是地球的卫星。
另一种意义是人造卫星,即:围绕着某个天体转的由人类发射的卫星。
【例】AnewartificialsatellitehasbeenlaunchedagainbyChina.
中国又发射了一颗新人造卫星。
其他与satellite连用的名词。
【例】asatellitestation卫星电台
amannedsatellite载入卫星
(2)planet是“行星”,也就是说围绕太阳运转的天体,本身不发光,只能反射太阳光。例如:
Doyouknowtheninemajorplanets?
你知道九大行星吗?
(九个行星是:Mercury水星;Venus金星;theEarth地球;Mars火星;Jupiter木星;Saturn土星;Uranus天王星;Neptune海王星;Pluto冥王星)
(3)star是“恒星;星星”,它有两层含义:一是泛指夜晚我们天空中见到的所有的天体;二是其本身能发光和热的天体。
【例】theeveningstar昏星
themorningstar晨星
theNorthstar北极星
另外:star还有其他的意义:
theRedFlagwithFiveStars五星红旗
filmstars影星(电影明星)
famousstars明星
6.Sofar,nomanhastraveledfartherthanthemoon,butspaceshipswithoutpeoplehavereachedotherpartsoftheuniverse.到目前为止,还没有人到达比月球更远的地方,但是无人驾驶宇宙飞船已经到达宇宙的其他地方。
(1)sofar的意思是到目前为止,可解释成“untilnow,uptonow”。
【例】Theyhavebeentomanycitiesinthesouthsofar.到目前为止,他们已经去过许多城市了。=Theyhavebeentomanycitiesinthesouthuptonow.
(2)without的意思是“无;没有”。它可以用来完成同义句的改写。
【例】Fishcan’tliveifthereisnowater.鱼儿离不开水。=Fishcan’tlivewithoutwater.
(3)Thesesatellitesgoroundtheearthand…这些卫星围绕地球运行……
注意:客观存在的事实在表示一般过去时的句子中做宾语从句,依旧用一般现在时,表示客观真理。如:Ourteachertoldusthatthesunisround.
7.Ourknowledgeoftheuniverseisgrowingallthetime.我们对宇宙的认识一直在增长。
(1)knowledge是know的名词形式,作“知识;学问”讲,是不可数名词。one’sknowledgeof…的意思是“对……的认识/了解。”knowledge的前面若有定语修饰,可与a连用,表示“对……某种程度的了解”。
【例】YourknowledgeofEnglishisweak.Hehasagoodknowledgeofstudy.
你的英语知识较差。他对学习很在行。
(2)grow作及物动词时,表示“种植”;作不及物动词时,表示“生长;成长;增长;发展;渐渐变成”等意思。
【例】Chinesepeoplearegrowingmoretreestoprotecttheirenvironment.Thosetreesaregrowingwell.中国人民正在种更多的树以保护环境。那些树长得很好。
Shehasgrownintoaprettygirl.Butshegrowsolderandolderaswell.
她长成了一个漂亮的姑娘。但她同时(年纪)也变得越来越大了。
(3)allthetime的意思是“一直”,在句中作状语。
【例】Wehavebeenhereallthetime.我们一直都在这儿。
8.Theworlditselfisbecomingamuchsmallerplaceandpeoplefromdifferentcountries
nowunderstandeachotherbetter.世界的本身正变得更小,来自不同国家的人们彼此间能更好地相互了解。
反身代词itself在句中做主语theworld的同位语。
【例】TomhimselflearnsEnglishdayandnight.Imyselfwillgotothefarmtohelpthefarmers.
汤姆自己日日夜夜地学习英语。我自己也将去农场帮助农民。
9.Man-madesatellitesareabout8,000kilometresawayfromtheearth.
人造卫星离地球大约有八千公里远。
(1)这是距离的一种表示方法,距离的表示方法还有:
It’sabout200metresfrommyhometoourschool.=Ourschoolisabout200metresfrommyhome.
从我家到学校大约有二百米。
Thecityisabouttwothousandkilometresbytrain(fromhere).
(从这儿)乘火车去那座城市约有二千公里。
It’stwohoursbyplanefromheretothatcity.
从这儿乘飞机到那座城市需要二小时。
Thepostofficeisabouttenminutes’walkfromhere.
从这儿步行去邮局大约要十分钟。
(2)earth,world与globe
1)earth作“地球”解,需加the。:
【例】Weliveontheearth.我们生活在地球上。
Themoongoesroundtheearth.月亮围着地球转。
IntheMiddleAgesitwasgenerallybelievedthattheearthwasthecenteroftheuniverse.
中世纪时,一般人都相信地球是宇宙的中心。
Doyouknowwhattheearthsatelliteis?
你知道什么是地球卫星吗?
2)onearth有两种意思:第一种含义等于intheworld,用在不定词或疑问词what,whowhen,where,why,how的后面,作强调语。
【例】Noforceintheworld/onearthcanholdbackthewheelofhistory.
没有任何力量可以阻止历史车轮的前进。
Whatonearth/intheworldisthematterthere?
那里究竟发生了什么事情?
Whereintheworld/onearthcanhebe?
他到底在哪儿呢?
Hedidn’tknowhowintheworld/onearthtoanswer.
他不知道究竟如何回答。
第二种含义:onearth表示“在世界上,在人间”,不用冠词,在这个意义上,onearth等于intheworld。
【例】Chinaisoneofthegreatestnationsonearth/intheworld.
中国是世界上最伟大的国家之一。
Shemustbethehappiestwomanonearth/intheworld.
她一定是天底下最幸福的女性。
3)world是“世界”,兼指“全世界的人”。
【例】Thewholeworldishopingthattherewillbealastingpeace.
全世界都希望有一个持久的和平。
Egyptiancivilizationisamongtheoldestintheworld.
埃及文化是世界上最古老的文化之一。
Thisisaneventthatshooktheworld.
这是震撼世界的事件。
4)包含world,earth的短语。
【例】theworldtocome来世
bring…intotheworld生孩子
beforetheworld公然地
givetotheworld出版,发表
takeearth(狐等)逃入洞内
breakearth破土动工
bringsbbacktoearth使某人回到现实
5)globe是“地球”,它与earth不一样。earth谈的是人类所居住的行星,而globe强调形状圆球等。
【例】Nowitwilltakeusonlyafewdaystocircletheglobebyair.
现在我们乘飞机只需几天的工夫就可以绕地球一周。
(这里强调的是:globe圆形,球状体的地球)
aterrestrialglobe地球仪
acelestialglobe天体仪
10.HowmanykilometresbytrainisitfromNanjin
gtoWuhan?
从南京到武汉乘火车有多远?
这是一个问两地距离的句型。it代表距离,from…to表示“从某处到某处”。
HowmanykilometresbyairisitfromShanghaitoBeijing?
it在句中指代“路程”,同时,它也可以指代“时间,天气,人物”等。
ItiscolderinHefeithaninWuhu.合肥比芜湖冷。(it指气候)
Whattimeisitbyyourwatch?你的表上是几点钟了?(it指时间)
ItisMikespeaking.我就是Mike.(it指人物)
还有一种询问距离的句型,它不是具体地问有多少公里,而是问“有多远”。句中直接用地名作主语,不用it作形式主语。
【例】—HowfarawayisSydneyfromBeijing?悉尼离北京有多远?
—Sydneyis10,400kilometresawayfromBeijing.悉尼离北京是10,400公里远。
教学建议二
英语构词法浅析
英语最常见的构词有三种方法:转化,合成,派生。这里我们着重向同学们介绍合成法:
即把两个或更多的词合在一起组成新词(合成名词,合成形容词)。
1)合成名词
名词+名词。例如:
hand+bag=handbag手提包
school+boy=schoolboy男学生
moon+cake=mooncake月饼
rail+way=railway铁路
形容词+名词。例如:
black+bar=blackboard黑板dead+line=deadline最后期限
high+way=highway公路blue+prints=blueprints蓝图
动名词+名词。例如:
post+card=postcard明信片play+ground=playground操场
reading+room=reading-room阅览室work+place=workplace操作间
副词+名词。例如:
out+break=outbreak爆发over+coat=overcoat大衣
down+fall=downfall下台up+shot=upshot结果
介词+名词。例如:
after+noon=afternoon下午
to+day=today今天
名词+介词短语。例如:
editor+in+chief=editor-in-chief总编辑
comrade+in+arms=comrade-in-arms战友
father+in+law=father-in-law岳父
sister+in+law=sister-in-law嫂子
2)合成形容词
形容词+名词。例如:
new+type=new–type新式的bare+foot=bard-foot光脚的'
形容词+形容词。例如:
bitter+sweet=bitter-sweet又苦又甜的
blue+black=blue-black蓝黑色的
形容词+分词。例如:
fresh+looking=fresh-looking新鲜的
ready+made=ready-made现成的
名词+分词。例如:
peace+loving=peace-loving爱好和平的
man+made=man-made人造的
数词+名词+ed。例如:
three+legged=three-legged三条腿的,三只脚的
two+faced=two-faced两面派的。
形容词+名词+ed。例如:
open+minded=open-minded胸襟开阔的
white+haired=white-haired白发苍苍的
7-11单元语法项目复习列表
动词不定式(TheInfinitive)
做宾语,如:Hewantedtobeaninventor.他想成为一名发明家。
做宾语补足语,如:Tellhertoturnitdown.告诉她将音量关小点儿。
做状语,如:Laterhelefthometoworkindifferentcities.后来他离开家在别的地方工作了。
和疑问词连用,如:Idon’tknowwheretogo.我不知道去哪里。
定语,如:Imustbuyapentowritewith.我必须得买只钢笔用。
主动语态与被动语态(TheActiveVoiceAndThePassiveVoice)
一般现在时的被动语态,如:Itisusedforcooking.它是做饭用的。
一般过去时的被动语态,如;WasitmadeinChina?它是中国制造的吗?
情态动词的被动语态,如:Moretreesmustbeplanted.我们还要栽更多的树。
数词(Measurement)
Itistenkilometerslong/wide/deep/high.
Beijingisaboutfivehundredkilometersfromhere.
教学建议三
关于阅读课文的教学建议
本单元第46课是一篇题为“Theuniverseandman-madesatellites”的课文,是一篇科技小品。为了引起学生的阅读兴趣,建议让学生带着问题有目的地进行阅读,或在阅读前让学生猜测课文内容,然后再阅读课文,证实他们的猜测。具体做法是:
l.学生们讨论以下问题,并试着回答这些问题。
Whatdowemeanwhenwetalkabouttheuniverse?
Whycan’tmanystarsbeseen?
Howfaristhemoonawayfromtheearth?
Hasthemoonbeenvisitedbymanalready?
Haveanyman-mademachinestravelledfartherthanthemoon?Whatarethey?
Whatdoyouknowabouttheuniverse?
Whydowesaytheworlditselfisbecomingsmallerandsmaller?
2.或者教师根据每个自然段内容,设置如下概括性问题:
1)Whatdowemeanwhenwetalkabouttheuniverse?
2)Doyouknowanythingaboutthemoon?Trytosaysomethingaboutit.
3)Whatisaman-madesatellite?Whatsitusedfor?
4)Pleasesaysomethingaboutpeoplesknowledgeoftheuniverse.
教师可将学生们的回答简单地板书在黑板的一侧。然后让他们打开书阅读课文。
学生们阅读后,教师带着他们验证猜测。在这个过程中,实际上教师是在让学生熟悉本课的大意,并接触课文中的句型和词语。教师在黑板的另一侧板书课文中的关键词,与学生们的猜测答案相对照。下一步让学生逐段复述课文。反复数次后,让学生做根据课文某段所改编的完形填空题。如:
Theuniversemeanstheearth,thesun,themoonandthestars,andthespace______them.Manyofthestarsareso______awaythatwe______seethem.
Themoon,our______,travelled______theearth.Ithasbeenvisited_____maninspaceships.
Man-made______havebeensentup______spacebymanycountries.Theygo______theearth.Theyareusedforhelpingustolearnmore______theearth,theweatherandotherthings.Theyarealsousedforsendingand______messages.Itmakespeople______differentcountriesunderstandeachotherbetter.Sopeoplesaytheworld
itselfisbecomingamuch______place.Peoplecallthesmallplace“theglobalvillage”.
Answers:
between,far,cannot,satellite,round,by,satellites,into,round,about,receiving,from,smaller
学生在做这个练习答案的过程中,即复习了本课的词语,又掌握了与课文内容相关的新表达方式。这样他们完成其他练习也就不难了。教师可继续让他们将这个练习中的语句与课文作比较,找出异同,例如:
1)课文—Manyofthestarscannotbeseenbecausetheyaretoofaraway.
练习—Manyofthestarsaresofarawaythatwecannotseethem.
2)课文—Themoontravelsroundtheearth.Itisoursatellite.
练习—Themoon,oursatellite,travelsroundtheearth.
在这种比较过程中,学生又一次熟悉了课文内容及词语,特别是被动语态的用法。与此同时也锻炼了他们的思维能力,认识到英语语言表达灵活的特点,为下一步第48课的词汇教学做好辅垫。
关于数字表达方法的教学建议
在教授第47课时,为了给学生创造更多的机会,教师可提供火车列车时刻表中全国各主要城市间的距离表或世界各地航空路程表,将其放大制成挂图,贴在黑板上。可先根据Practise的内容,让学生做快速的连锁问答,使他们熟悉句型和数字,并达到脱口而出的熟练程度。然后练习Askandanswer可的材料。其中的重要句型是:
1)Howmanykilometresbytrainisitfrom…to…?
2)Howfarawayis…from…?
3)Whatabout…?
教师要求学生用自己的词填入空缺的部分,这样可以造出许多句子,而且还可以复习或预习课文中出现的词语。例如:
1)Howmanylibyairisitfrom…to…?
2)Howfarawayistheearthfromthemoon?
3)Whataboutotherplanet?
练习表示数量的方式有许多种,例如教师将一摞书带到课堂上,让学生猜每本书的页数。
做这样的对话:
T:Howmanypagesdoyouthinkthisbookhas?
SI:Ithinkabout120.
T:No.Thenumberistoosmall.
S2:Whatabout500?
T:Oh,thatstoobig.
S3:Howabout250?
T:Thatsquiteright.265.
在初中英语第一册和第二册中,我们已经陆续学习了数字的用法,教师可帮助学生回忆它们的念法,并做快速连锁问答。还可就长度、高度、重量等做问答,例如:HowlongistheYellowRiver?Howheavyisyourbag?Howtall/highisthattree?等等。
关于词语及对话练习的教学建议
本单元的生词大部分出现在阅读课文之中。而针对词汇的练习主要由48课的2和3两部分组成。即构词法的部分知识和有关选择电视节目的对话及词语练习。
首先,在教学构词法知识时,教师可采取提供部分例词,要求学生通过观察自己总结出构词规则的方式,让学生对构词法知识的认识从感性认识上升到理性认识,从而印象深刻,记忆牢固。
现根据构词法将第一册到第三册中出现的有关单词归类如下:
复合名词:afternoonbasketballbedroombirthdayblackboardbooksellerbookshopbreakfastclassmateclassroomday-timedoorbellEnglishmanfireplacefootballgate-keepergatemangrandparentsgranddaughtergrandsonhandbagheadacheheadmasterheadteacherhometownhomeworkhouseworkkilometreknow-allloudspeakermooncakemotorbikenortheastnorthwest
pencil-boxpenfriendphotographplaygroundpolicemanpostcardrailwayreading-roomshopkeepersoutheastsouthwestspaceshipsunrisesunshineteapotteamworkvolleyballweekday
名词变形容词:interestingsurprisingnorthernsouthernwoolen
动词变名词(结尾-er/or):
cleanerdriverinventorkeeperteacherspeakertravellervisitorworker
其次,提供讨论选择电视或电台节目的对话的教学过程()。
建议教师先向学生展示电视和电台节目表,如下表:
TV:1.ProgrammeforChildrenRadio:1.MusicWorld
2.9—partSeries:Family(2)2.NewsReport
3.ChinaReports3.ForeignLanguagesMagazine
4.Series:Women4.WindowonChineseHistory
5.ChineseProgrammesforForeigners
6.MusicBridge
7.BasketballMatch(BeijingVsHenan)
将主要句型提供给学,如下:
1)WhichTV/radioprogrammeshallwewatch/listento?
2)WhichTV/radioprogrammedoyouthinkismoreinteresting/enjoyable?
3)Well,Idontthinkanyofthemisinteresting/enjoyable.
4)IthinkIshall…instead.
5)Whydontyougoand…instead?
6)Goodidea.Thatismuchbetterthan…/…isbetterthan…
学生看表进行对话练习。按全班、半班、两人小组操练句型,直至熟练为止。建议教师依靠表格和角色扮演等手段,让学生先口头熟悉对话内容,并采取各种形式进行口头操练,然后再据此完成不同的笔头练习。教师应鼓励学生积极思维,创造性地编出不同的对话。例如:
1)A:WhichTVprogrammeshallwewatch?Icantdecide.
B:Whichdoyouthinkismoreinteresting?
A:Well,Ithinkthechildren’sprogrammeismoreenjoyable.
B:Whichchannelisiton?
A:ItisusuallyfoundonChannel3.Trythat.
B:Ivetriedthat.ButIcantgetit.
2)A:Whatareyoudoing?
B:ImtryingtofindourfavouriteTVprogramme—sports.
A:Haveyougotityet?
B:No.Idontknowwhichchannelitison.
A:ItmustbeonChannel14.Trythat.
B:OK.Butthisisnotsports.
A:Well,Idontthinkanyoftheprogrammesisinteresting.IthinkIshalllistentotheradioinstead.Whydontyoujoinme?Itmustbemoreenjoyable.
Lesson45教学设计示例
Period:TheFirstPeriod
Content:Lesson45
Properties:Recorder;OverheadProjector;Objects.
TeachingObjectives:thePassiveVoice,beusedfordoing
TeachingProcedures:
I.Showingtheteachingaims
II.Revision
Checkhomework.
III.Leadingin
RevisethePassiveVoiceagain.Takeoutsomeobjectstoaskandanswer.
What’sthisinEnglish?
What’sitmadeof?
Wherewasitmade?
Doyouwanttobuya…?
IV.Presentation
Asktheindividual:Doyouhaveacomputer?DoesLaurahaveacomputer?Wherewasitmade?Listentothetapeorwatchtheflashandanswerthequestions,thenreadandactitout.
V.Practice
Part2.Discussthemodelwiththestudents.Pointoutthat“bypeople”isusuallyomitted.
Dothefirstonewiththewholeclassasanexample,thenletthestudentsworkontheirown,writedowntheanswersintheirexercisebooks.Checktheanswerswiththewholeclass.Explainthenewwordsandexpressions.
1.put…into
Nothingisdifficultifyouputyourheartintoit.
2.pointat
Heispointingatthemap.
3.information:news
VI.Writing
Letthestudentspractisethisstructure:beusedfordoing.
Showpictures:satellite,universe
Thenletthestudentsmakesentencesintheirexercisebooks,Finally,checktheanswerswiththewholeclass.
VII.Exerciseinclass
Fillintheblanks:
1.Themoontravelsroundtheearth.It’sour___________.
2.Theremustbe___________wrongwiththeradio.
3.She___________mealetterlastweek.
4.Sheepare___________byfarmersforproducingwoolandmeat.
5.Mostofusare___________inEnglish.(interested)
VIII.Homework
1.Finishofftheworkbook.
2.Makefivesentencesusing“beusedfordoing”.
Lesson46教学设计示例
Period:TheSecondPeriod
Content:Lesson46
Properties:Recorder;OverheadProjector;Pictures.
TeachingObjectives:
1.Understandthetext.
2.Revisedifferentverbtenses.
LanguageFocus:
1.Theusefulexpressions:sofar,withone’shelp,thanksto.
2.ThePresentPerfectTense.
TeachingProcedures:
I.Showingtheteachingaims
II.Revision
RevisethedialogueinLesson45.
III.Leadingin
Showsomepicturesthatintroducethesun,themoon,theearth,space,spaceship,satellite,universe,etc.
Askthestudentstolookatthepicturesandsay:Look,thisisasatellite.Todaywearegoingtoreadaboutit.Thetitleofthepassageis“TheUniverseandMan-madesatellite”.Watchthevideoaboutsatelliteandspeakoutwhatasatelliteis.
Afterwatching,letthestudentsdiscussthequestionsforawhile.GetthemtogivetheexplanationsinEnglish.
Forinstance:Asatellitegoesroundtheearth.Themoonisasatelliteoftheearth.Therearemanyman-madesatellitesinthespacetoo.Thenexplainthatman-madeisanadjectivemeaningmadebypeople.“Man”inthistextmeans“thehumanrace”.
IV.Reading
Getthestudentstolookatthequestionsbelow:
Whatdowemeanwhenwetalkabouttheuniverse?
Whycan’tmanystarsbeseen?
Howfaristhemoonawayfromtheearth?
Hasthemoonbeenvisitedbymanalready?
Haveanyman-mademachinestravelledfartherthanthemoon?Whatarethey?
Whatdoyouknowabouttheuniverse?
Whydowesaytheworlditselfisbecomingsmallerandsmaller?
Readthepassagecarefullyanddiscusstheanswersinpairs.Finallychecktheanswerswiththewholeclass.
Givethestudentssomemorebackgroundinformationaboutspaceshipswithoutpeople:Somespaceshipshavebeensenttovisitdifferentplanets,suchasMars,VenusandJupiter.
Askthestudentstowritedowntheanswersintheexercisebooks.Thesuggestedanswertothelastquestionis:Withthehelpoftheman-madesatellites,itiseasyfordifferentcountriestosendandreceivemessages.Wecanalsousesatellitestohelpusmaketelephonecallstoforeigncountries.
V.Practice
PlaySpeechCassetteorvideoforthestudentstolistenorwatch.Forthesecondtime,letthestudentsrepeatafterit,atlast,thestudentscanreadthepass
ageatthesametimewhileplayingthesounds.
Givethestudentssomefreetimetopracticereadingaloud.Thenasksomeofthemtoreadinclass.Checktheirreading.Explain:
sofar:Wehavelearned2000wordssofar.
Withone’shelp:Withtheteachershelp,hecaughtupwiththeotherstudents.
Knowledge:OurknowledgeoftheUSAisnotsogood.
Thanksto:ThankstoTom’shelp,wefinishedtheworkontime.
VI.DoExercisebelow:
Theuniversemeanstheearth,thesun,themoonandthestars,andthespace______them.Manyofthestarsareso______awaythatwe______seethem.
Themoon,our______,travelled______theearth.Ithasbeenvisited_____maninspaceships.
Man-made______havebeensentup______spacebymanycountries.Theygo______theearth.Theyareusedforhelpingustolearnmore______theearth,theweatherandotherthings.Theyarealsousedforsendingand______messages.Itmakespeople______differentcountriesunderstandeachotherbetter.Sopeoplesaytheworlditselfisbecomingamuch______place.Peoplecallthesmallplace“theglobalvillage”.
Theanswers:between,far,cannot,satellite,round,by,satellites,into,round,about,receiving,from,smaller
VII.Consolidation
Readthepassageagain,askthestudentstofindsentenceswhatreplacethoseintext.
1)Text—Manyofthestarscannotbeseenbecausetheyaretoofaraway.
Exercise—Manyofthestarsaresofarawaythatwecannotseethem.
2)Text—Themoontravelsroundtheearth.Itisoursatellite.Exercise—Themoon,oursatellite,travelsroundtheearth.
VIII.Homework
1.Fillintheblanks。
Man-mades________havebeens________upintospacebymanycountries.Theycanbeusedforsendingandr________messages.Forexample,w________theirhelp,ChinacansenditsTVandradiop________totheothersideofthew________.Wecanalsousethemtohelpusm________telephone,callstof________countries.T________tothem,theworlditselfisbecomingamuchs________placeandpeoplefromdifferentcountries.Nowu________eachotherbetter.
2.Letthestudentsretellthetext.
3.MakesixsentencesusingthePresentPerfectTense.
Lesson47教学设计示例
Period:TheThirdPeriod
Content:Lesson47
Properties:Recorder;OverheadProjector.
TeachingObjectives:Revisethedistanceanddialogues.
LanguageFocus:themodalverbs,numbers.
TeachingProcedures:
I.Showingtheteachingaims
II.Revision
Revisethetextandasksomestudentstoreadtheirretellingsinclass.ThenpractisethePresent-PerfectTense.
III.Leadingin
GetthestudentstolookattheExercise
1)Howmanykilometresbytrainisitfrom…to…?
2)Howfarawayis…from…?
3)Whatabout…?
Tellthestudentstoreadthemodelquestion.Letthemunderstandthisexercise,thengetthestudentstoaskandanswerinpairs.Finallychecktheanswerswiththewholeclass.
IV.Practice
Part2.Letthestudentslookatthediagram,Ittellsusthedistancebetweencities.Let’slookatthemodelfirst.
A:HowmanykilometresbytrainisitfromNanjingtoWuhan?
B:1229.(Onethousandtwohundredandtwentynine)
A:HowmanykilometresisitfromKunmingtoShanghai?
B:2677.Howmany....?
Askthewholeclasssomequestionsaboutthedistance.Makesurethestudentscansaynumberscorrectly.Thendividethemintosmallgroupstomakeupquestions.Atlast,reporttheirworkinclass.
V.Acting
LetthestudentsreadPart3silently.Askthemtopractiseinpairs.Payattentiontothemodalverbs.
VI.Workbook
ForExercise1,askandanswerinpairs.
ForExercise3.Getthestudentstoreadoverthesentencesandfillintheblanks.
Theanswersare:was...repaired,began,make,wastold,got,decided,received,found,wouldberepaired
Exercisesinclass
ChangethefollowingsentencesintoPassiveVoice
1.Brucewritesalettertohisparentseveryweek.
2.Lileimendedthebrokenkitethismorning.
3.1mustbuyaChristmaspresentforMrGreen.
4.LiMingcantfinishthehomeworkontime.
5.Weshouldwatertheflowerstwiceaday.
VI.Homework
Finishofftheexercisesintheworkbook.
Lesson48教学设计示例
Period:TheFourthPeriod
Content:Lesson48
Properties:Recorder;OverheadProjector.
TeachingObjectives:
1.Learnhowtobuildwords.
2.Practiselistening.
LanguageFocus:
1.Wordformation
2.thePassiveVoice
TeachingProcedures:
I.Showingtheteachingaims
II.Revision
Gothroughsomepairstoactouttheirdialogueswrittenintheexercisebooks.
III.Listen
AskthestudentstoreadthroughthequestionsofExerciseIintheworkbook,askthemtoguesstheanswersbeforelistening.Thenlistencarefully,checktheanswerswitheachother.Listenagainandrepeat.Answers:1.B2.A3.B4.C5.B6.C7.C
IV.Wordbuilding
ExplainthatinEnglish,wecanmakenewwordsbycombiningtwowordstogetherforexample:
Class+room=classroom,home+work=homework,police+man=policeman
Letthestudentsthinkofotherexamplestheyhavelearnt.ThenlookatExercise2inthewordbook,readthroughthelist.Makesurethestudentscanunderstandthemeaningofthewords.Payattention,inAmericanEnglish“woolen”and“traveler”arespeltas“woolen”and“traveled”
V.Practice
Part2.Dividethestudentsintotwogroupstopractise.Pointoutthat“Whichdoyouthinkismoreinteresting?=Whichprogramme(ofthetwo)ismoreinteresting?”AndtheuseofshalltoexpressadecisioninIthinkIshallreadabookinstead.Getthestudentstopractiseallthedialogues.Makeupasmanyastheycan.Thenactitoutinclass.
VI.Acting
LetthestudentsreadproverbsExercise4.MakethestudentsunderstandtheChinesemeaning.Askthemtopractisethemafterclass.
VII.Practice
GetthestudentstolookattheExercise5intheworkbookandhaveadiscussion.
Ask:Whatactivitiesdoyoudoeveryday?Whatactivitiesdoyoulikemost?Whatactivitiesdoyoulikeleast?Thenaskthestudentstopractiseinpairs.
VIII.Writing
Askthestudentstolookatthepictures,letthemreallyunderstandthemeaningofeachpicture.Collectsomeideasandinformation.Sharewiththestudents.Thentrytomakeupashortstoryandwriteitdown.
Afterfinishingwriting,askthestudentstochecktheirpartnerswork,thenaskthemtohandintheirwritingsformarking.
IX.Workbook
DoExercise3,askthestudentstofindcompoundwords.
ForExercise6,doitwiththewholeclass.Theanswersare:
1.putup2.put...away3.puton4.put...down
5.Putup6.Put...on7.putdown
Exercisesinclass
Rewritethefollowingsentencesinanotherway.
1.IdontlikewatchingTV,shedoesn’tlikeit,either.
________I________she_________watchingTV.
2.Weshoulddealwiththeproblemmorecarefully.
Theproblem________________________withmorecarefully_______________.
3.Thebusesweremadeinthefactory.
They________thebusesinthefactory.
4.Talkinginclassiswrong.
It_________right__________________inclass.
Answers:1.Neither…nor,likes2.shouldbedealed,byus3.made4.isn’t,totalk
X.Homework
1.Preparefortheexam.
2.Finishofftheexercisesintheworkbook.
探究活动
读文谈感受
读下面关于时间的小资料,然后谈一谈自己的感受。
Apunctual(守时的)personisinthehabitofdoingathingatthepropertimeandisneverlateinkeepinganappointment.
Theunpunctualman,ontheotherhand,neverdoeswhathehastodoatthepropertime.Heisalwaysinahurryandintheendlosesbothtimeandhisgoodname.Thereisaproverb(
谚语)whichsays,Timefliesnevertoberecalled(召回).Thisisverytrue.Alostthingmaybefoundagain,butlosttimecanneverberegained.Timeismorevaluablethanmaterialthings.Infacttimeislifeitself,andtheunpunctualmanisforeverwastingandmismanaginghismostvaluableasset(财产)aswellasothers.Theunpunctualmanisalwayscomplainingthathefindsnotimetoanswerletters,orreturncallsorkeepappointmentspromptly.Butthemanwhoreallyhasagreatdealtodoisverycarefulofhistimeandseldomcomplainsofwantofit.Heknowsthathecannotgetthroughhisimmenseamountofworkunlesshefaithfullykeepseveryappointmentpromptlyanddealswitheverypieceofworkwhenithastobeattendedto.
用英语复述
读下面的小文章,试着用英语复述。
你旅行时在时间上会发生很多奇怪的事,因为地球分为24个时区,一区相差一小时。有些天可能多于或少于24小时,有些星期可能多于或少于7天。
如果你用五天时间横渡大西洋,你乘的船每天都进入一个不同的时区。你进入每一时区,时间就改变一小时。向西行,你把钟往后拨;向东行,则往前拨。你旅行的每一天都有25或23小时。
如果你乘船横渡太平洋,你就会越过国际日期变更线。根据协议,这是新一天开始的地方。你越过该线,就得把你的日历向后或向前改动一整天。向东行,今天变成了昨天;向西行,今天变成了明天!
参考答案:
Strangethingshappentotimewhenyoutravel,becausetheearthisdividedintotwenty-fourtimezones(时区),onehourapart.Youcanhavedayswithmoreorfewerthantwenty-fourhours,andweekswithmoreorfewerthansevendays.
Ifyoumakeafive-daydripacrosstheAtlanticOcean(大西洋),yourshipentersadifferenttimezoneeveryday.Asyouentereachzone,thetimechangesonehour.Travelingwest,yousetyourclockback;travelingeast,yousetitahead.Eachdayofyourtriphaseithertwenty-fiveortwenty-threehours.
IfyoutravelbyshipacrossthePacific(太平洋),youcrosstheinternationaldateline(国际日期变更线).Byagreement,thisisthepointwhereanewdaybegins.Whenyoucrosstheline,youchangeyourcalendaronefullday,backwardorforward.Travelingeast,todaybecomesyesterday;travelingwest,itistomorrow!
总结如何来做笔记
先在课堂上讨论如何做笔记和如何使用笔记。把主要的结论写在黑板上,让学生选出一条结论在课后进行扩写,一句话或两句话即可,可使用字典等工具书,内容要有生词、主从句、动词不定式、被动语态等语法项目。第二天或第在下节课上出示范句。
范句:
字迹清楚
Accurate,legible(字迹清楚的)notesareinvaluable(非常宝贵的)aidstothestudentwhoisenrolledinalecturecourse.
不但在听讲时,还在课前预习课文时
Notesshouldbetakenduringlectures,andwhenthestudentisreadingthetextspriortoeachsessionofthecourse.
能听进很多内容,只记下教师所讲内容的要点
Thekeytogoodnote-takingistobeabletolistenalotandtowriteonlyasmuchasisneededtorecordtheessence(精华)ofapointorideapresentedbythelecturer.
辨别出主要论点和意见,并记下其概要
Studentsshouldendeavor(努力去)toidentifyonlythemainpointsandideasbeingpresentedandtowritethemdowninoutline(概要)form.
力争把笔记第一次记好
Studentsshouldalsostrive(力争)totakegoodnotesthefirsttimeandnotplantorecopynotes-ortodosoonlywhenclarityandconcisenessdemandit
再把笔记复习
Studentsshouldreviewtheirnotesforaboutfiveminutesonthesamedaythattheytakethem,andgooverthemagainforabouthalfanhouratleastonceaweek,accordingtoaregularscheduleorplan.
小结
Thereisnocoursesyllabus(大纲)tobememorized;instead,theexaminationwillbebasedonthematerialpresentedinthelecturesandtextbooks.
总结复习的重要性
组织学生们用英语来讲一讲复习的重要性。教师根据学生们提出的想法及时进行总结。
参考资料
Mostforgettingtakesplaceimmediatelyafterlearning.Anhourafterstudyingorlearningsomethingnew,morethan50%hasbeenforgotten.Afteronemonth80%hasbeenforgottenandsoon.
Thisshowsthatreviewisveryimportant.Ifyoureviewnewmaterialyouhavelearnt,youremembermuchmore.Itsimportanttoreviewnewlylearntmaterialalittleandoften.Itsalsonecessarytohavefrequentbreaks(间歇).Webestrememberwhatwelearnatthebeginningofalearningperiodandatthepointwherewestop.Afterthebreak,itsnecessarytoreviewwhatwaslearntbeforethebreak-andthentocontinuelearningthenewmaterial.
Otherexperimentshaveshownthatthebrainneedstimetodigestwhathasbeenlearnt.Thetimenecessaryforthisis5to10minutes.Afterabreakofthistimethememorywillhaveabsorbedwhatithasjustlearnt,andmorewillberemembered.